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From Charles de Gaulle to Emmanuel Macron: should France’s vision of greater military autonomy shape Europe’s security future?
Facing shifting U.S. priorities and rising global tensions, Europe debates adopting France’s strategic autonomy model to reduce reliance on NATO, aiming to build a unified, independent defense strategy despite internal divisions.
Beyond Fascist Solidarity: Mussolini's Strategic Gamble in Spain
Mussolini’s intervention in the Spanish Civil War was driven less by ideological alignment and more by strategic ambitions in the Western Mediterranean, anti-communist fears, and the pursuit of alliances with Franco and Hitler.
